SS-31

SS-31 · 20mg

Research peptide

Mitochondrial peptide (cardiolipin) · the first FDA-approved drug that acts on the mitochondria

Strong evidence
Molecule approved in United States · 2025 · orphan designation in European UnionWhat this means ›
🇺🇸 United States · Approved🇪🇺 European Union · Orphan designation

The molecule is approved as a medicine in United States, under the brand Forzinity. It holds orphan drug designation in European Union. In September 2025 the FDA granted accelerated approval to elamipretide (SS-31) under the brand Forzinity, to improve muscle strength in Barth syndrome. It is the first mitochondria-targeted therapy ever approved. In the European Union it has held orphan designation for the same disease since 2021, with no marketing authorisation yet.

Accelerated approval for one specific rare disease. What is approved is the molecule under that brand; our vial is research material (RUO).

Source: FDA · Forzinity (elamipretida), 19-sep-2025 · EMA · designación huérfana (jun 2021)

OverviewProtocolsPreparation and dosingEvidenceSafetyQuestions

Overview

What has it been researched for?

  • Repairs the mitochondria Main focusStrong evidence
  • Protects the heartModerate evidence
  • Protects the kidneyModerate evidence
  • Muscle and endurance with ageEarly evidence
  • Protects the retina and the eyeModerate evidence

Research protocols

The SBL research protocol and what the literature reports. Not medical advice.

SBL research protocol · no established clinical regimen in people

Dose
1 mg
Frequency
5×/semana · misma hora
Duration
8 weeks
Route
Subcutaneous
Evidence level
Approved

Tools

Reconstitution calculatorConverts mg to units (U-100), volume and concentration.Open calculator →Preparation (step by step)How to reconstitute, store and handle, with good practice.See the guide →My trackingLog doses, results and notes per goal, in the app.Go to my tracking →

Evidence and studies

See studies →
Strong evidence(1)Moderate evidence(3)Early evidence(1)

Protocols

Research protocols

SBL research protocol · no established clinical regimen in people

Research use, with no established clinical regimen in people.

Dose
1 mg
Frequency
5×/semana · misma hora
Timing
mañana
Duration
8 weeks
Break
4 weeks
Route
Subcutaneous
Evidence level
Approved

Example dose

0153010
10 u= 1 mg

30-unit U-100 insulin syringe · Starting dose of its protocol, with 2 ml of water in the 20 mg vial.

What it pairs with

  • MOTS-c SS-31 first: it repairs the mitochondria. MOTS-c then makes it work.
  • NAD+ With NAD+ cellular energy rises on an already repaired mitochondria.

Preparation and dosing

Quick reference

Vial20 mg
Diluent2 ml
Concentration10 mg/ml
1 unit =0.1 mg

Preparation

Diluent
Bacteriostatic water

Open calculator →See the guide →

Evidence

Each effect with its evidence level and, where available, its source.

Strong evidence(1)Moderate evidence(3)Early evidence(1)
  • Repairs the mitochondriaApprovedSee study · 2024
  • Protects the heartHuman pilotSee study · 2017
  • Protects the kidneyHuman pilotSee study · 2017
  • Muscle and endurance with agePreclinicalSee study · 2019
  • Protects the retina and the eyeHuman pilotSee study · 2025

The science

Mechanisms, studies and references

Cardiolipin tetrapeptide

Safety

It makes sense if you want

  • Longevity & deep anti-aging
  • More energy & active metabolism
  • General body recovery

It does not make sense if

  • Active cancer or oncology treatment in the last 5 years
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding
  • Severe liver impairment
  • Severe kidney impairment

The certificate of analysis (CoA) certifies the identity and purity of the batch. It does not certify safety of use.

Verify your batch →

For research use only (RUO). This consult is educational and does not replace your doctor.

Questions

Frequently asked questions

What is it reconstituted with, and how much?

With bacteriostatic water: 2 ml into the 20 mg vial, giving 10 mg/ml.

What is the starting dose of the research protocol?

1 mg, 5×/semana · misma hora. This is the SBL research protocol, with no established clinical regimen in people.

How long is the cycle, and how long does a vial last?

8 weeks ON / 4 weeks OFF. At the starting dose, the 20 mg vial lasts ~4 sem.

Which route is used in research?

Subcutaneous.

When does it make no sense?

It makes no sense with: Active cancer or oncology treatment in the last 5 years, Pregnancy or breastfeeding, Severe liver impairment, Severe kidney impairment. Details in the Safety tab.

What is it combined with?

It goes well with NAD+. The reasons are in the Protocols tab.

How do I check my batch?

With the code on the vial, in the verifier. The CoA certifies the identity and purity of the batch, not safety of use.

Verify your batch →

See kit

For research use only (RUO). This consult is educational and does not replace your doctor.